Mycetoma
MYCETOMA
Mycetoma is a chronic skin infection , which may affect subcutaneous tissue and in some cases bone may also involve as the disease become chronic and untreated. It is characterised by the discharging sinuses filled with organism. It is generally found on the foot and also called “watering can foot”
It is also called Eumycetoma and Actinomycetoma due to several fungi. Actinomycetes are the culprit bacteria that produces filament like fungi. These both are foung in soil and plant material in tropical regions.
The organism gets into the skin through minor injuries in the persons who usually work barefoot in soil.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF MYCETOMA
- It is more common in men than women aged 20 to 50. Generally the presentation is a single lesion on the exposed area and may persists for many years. The most common site is foot.
- It usually starts as a small tough painless lump under the skin
- It grows slowly under the skin and goes deep into the muscles and bones.
- The lesion from the middle starts ulceration and pus discharged which contains grains.
- And then the sinus devolpes in this lesion from which pus and grains ooze outs.
- The surface of the skin starts scarring and turns into pale
- Patient feels discomfort during walking.
- It only cause discomfort but no burn , itch and severe pain.
- Secondary bacterial infection may occur on the lesions.
Mycetoma is usually confused with other skin infections like
- Chromoblastomycosis (A type of Fungal Infection ) ,
- Bacterial infections like Osteomyelitis
- Atypical Mycobactrium infections
- Tuberculosis , Leprosy , Syphilis.
DIAGNOSIS OF MYCETOMA
Analysis of the secretions, grains and pus which comes out from the lesions . The type of grains is confirmed by the laboratory test.
Histopathology is necessary and has to be done by skin biopsy to reveal the causative organism.
AYURVEDIC CONCEPT & TREATMENT
MYCETOMA According to AYRUVEDA
In Ayurveda it may come under “GRANTHI” . It is term used for a lump or nodule that is visible from the surfsce.
These nodules usually open up on the surface of the skin as a sinus or ulcer (vrana).
This term “GRANTHI” according to Ayurveda is most often used to describe the benign tumors, Lump & Nodules .
CAUSES ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA
From the Ayurvedic prospective, Granthi formation is a condition of Vata –Kapha origin. Vata is responsible for the faulty division of cells and Kapha for their growth. Hence Vata pushes Kapha out of the balance that results in the formation of Granthi.
Kapha plays the predominant role as it enters the affected dhatus. The dhatus that involves in this are Medas , Mamsa and Rakta. This results in the slow growth of the Granthi.
AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR MYCETOMA
Ayurveda provides important clues for the modern practitioners for the many chronic diseases.
- Oral Mixtures of Herbs and Herbo-Mineral Medicines.
- Pancha-Karma Detoxification Therapies
Proper Internal and External Oleation and fomentation followed by Virechana and Sansarjan Karma .
- Blood Letting – Rakt Mokshana vis Leech in some cases.
- The washing of the lesions by the proper made Qwatha from the herbs that kill the organisms that causes the disease and maintains the proper hygiene.
- A Paste of Herbal Medicines is applied deep into the lesions that check the growth of the disease causing organisms.
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